In my column this week in La Opinión I answer questions from readers. Here are the questions and answers:
Can a permanent resident of the United States leave the country for six months for an emergency? -G.
Generally, a permanent resident of the United States may travel outside the country, but his or her stay may not exceed more than one year.
However, a special permit may be obtained authorizing a stay outside the United States for up to two years.
This permit must be requested before leaving the country. If the person wishes to become a U.S. citizen, it is recommended that travel abroad should not exceed six months. In this way, a possible interruption of the period of continuous residence required to apply for citizenship is avoided.
Can a U.S. citizen who is serving a six-month sentence for violating tax laws sponsor his parent living abroad for permanent residency in the United States? -C.
If the person is over 21 years of age, he can petition for his father even if he is in jail. He must provide documentation that demonstrates the family relationship, his citizenship and ability to support his father, among other requirements.
His father must also be admissible to enter the country.
The family relationship is proven with a birth certificate. You can prove your U.S. citizenship with your passport, U.S. birth certificate, or your naturalization certificate.
To prove that you can support your parent, you must provide documentation that you have income or assets that are more than required by law. The amount depends on how many people you include on your tax return and the number of people you have sponsored for permanent residence in the past.
If you do not have the income or assets required by law, you may ask a relative, friend or stranger who is a U.S. citizen or permanent resident to serve as a co-signer.
This person must demonstrate that he or she has sufficient income or assets to support the sponsor's parent and his or her own family.
These are general answers. Each case is different, so you should consult an attorney for personalized legal advice.
English 
Español